These tables put congregations into the categories of the two variables you have selected. These cross-tabulations are set up so that you can see, of all people attending congregations in each category listed on the left of the table, what percentage are in congregations that also have the characteristics identified across the top of the table. Interpret these tables by reading "across" each line of the table. In this example, you can see how the length of a congregation's service breaks down for each different type of theological orientation. For example, the first line of this table says that, of all worshippers attending theologically conservative congregations, 14 percent attend congregations having sermons that are 10 minutes or less, 57.1 percent attend congregations having sermons lasting from 11 to 30 minutes, and 28.9 percent attend congregations with sermons exceeding 30 minutes.

You can also use these tables to examine differences between different types of congregations. This can be done by comparing a percentage from one line with the analogous percentage from a different line. In this example, 28.9 percent of worshippers attending theologically conservative congregations attend congregations that have sermons longer than 30 minutes, while only 11 percent of worshippers attending theologically liberal congregations hear sermons lasting that long.

If the "significance" value at the bottom of the table is .05 or less, you may conclude with 95% confidence that the two variables in the table you are examining really are related to each other. If that significance value is larger than .05, there is better than a 5% chance that any differences in the table occur by chance and do not represent a real association between these two variables. In this example, the significance value is .0000, which is less than .05, so it is correct to say with 95% confidence that a congregation's theological orientation is related to the length of a typical sermon heard in that congregation.

To learn more about the variables you have selected, or to see the survey questions on which this information is based, you should search the questionnaire..

Click on any yellow highlighted portion of the table to view an explanation of that item.

	Length of sermon
Theological orientation	0 to 10 min.	11 to 30 min.	More than 30 min.	Row Total
MORE CONSERVATIVE	14.0%	57.1%	28.9%	52.3%   (620)
RIGHT IN MIDDLE	28.6%	57.3%	14.1%	37.7%   (447)
MORE LIBERAL	22.9%	66.1%	11.0%	10.0%   (118)
Column Totals	20.4%   (242)	58.1%   (688)	21.5%   (255)	100%   (1185)

Significance: .00000

Number of Missing Observations: 45